In December 1934 a private developer built two nine-foot high brick walls across the roads that linked 'his' estate in North Oxford to a council estate next door : they remained in place until 1959 and they tell a bitter tale of class antagonism in mid-twentieth century England.
In the early 1930s Oxford was booming, and changing from being just a university town to a motor-industry town as well. There was an urgent need for new houses, especially as old condemned 'slums' were being cleared at the same time. A prime piece of building land was in Cutteslowe, two miles from the city centre up the Banbury Road ; and in 1933 the local Council built an estate there. The next year a 20 acre plot right next door was snapped up by a private developer, the Urban Housing Company. Its owner decided that his houses would be more valuable if they were physically separated from the workers next door, so he constructed two impassable brick walls across the roads that the council estate tenants used to get to the buses and the shops. Almost everyone in Oxford thought this was obviously illegal and that the walls would soon be demolished. They stayed in place for 25 years, and this programme tells their extraordinary story.
It's a story of the Council's failure to bring them down - they tried persuasion, threat, legal action, even a Bill in Parliament ; on one occasion they simply removed the walls, but the company rebuilt them immediately. It's a story of the Communist Party's attempt to appropriate the issue. It's a story of undergraduates trying to remove the walls at the dead of night, of drunken motorists driving into them, and of tanks on manoeuvre flattening them during the war. But above all it's a sad story of class antagonism and mistrust, and of the failure of public authorities to protect the poor against the interests of the wealthy.
The programme features interviews with people who lived on either side of the Cutteslowe Walls, with a local councillor who was 'the first person through' in 1959, with sociologists who studied the phenomenon at the time and with historians who place the struggle over the walls in a larger context of developing class relations. It also uses actors who read extracts from Council minutes, letters and newspaper articles.